소장기록
제목The Multilateral Trading System in a Globalizing World
설명During the twenty-first century, the world will face the increasing forces of globalization. While the political boundaries of the nation-state will remain in place, economic integration across national boundaries will proceed with a quickening tempo. Driven by continuing technological innovation in information, telecommunications, and transportation, as well as policy liberalization, individual national economies are becoming increasingly interdependent and globally integrated. Goods and services, technology, capital, labor, information, and even enterprises are now moving more freely than ever before between countries, and the world economy is becoming ever more interdependent, While the World Trade Organization(WTO) has played an important facilitating role in these events, it now faces both challenges and new opportunities in expediting the process of international economic cooperation in an orderly manner. The world trade order has been undergoing considerable change. Early GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) rounds focused on market access through relaxing or abolishing border measures such as tariffs and nontariff barriers. But more recent discussions have dealt with the establishment and application of international standards to national economies. The topics include policy issues within the national boundaries related to competition policy, foreign direct investment, environment, labor standards, and anticorruption-the so-called "new trade issues." Furthermore, it appears likely that issues such as regulatory reforms, corporate governance, and technology transfer will also emerge as new trade issues in the near future. All of these issues-to be debated and determined in the international framework rather than the domestic context-will no doubt have an impact on national economies. At the same time, they entail remarkable changes in the world economic order. It is not surprising that the New Round is attracting a great deal of attention, Amid these internal pressures for the expansion of the GATT/WTO mechanism, opposition has arisen, as symbolized by demonstrations in Seattle against the WTO Ministerial Conference, in late 1999, and subsequent protests against the World Bank and IMF meetings in Washington, D. C. These incidents represent the increasing suspicion and fear of globalization and "the new economy" that have important political consequences. The United States, despite being a vocal champion of free trade, showed little commitment to the WTO in the face of demestic ambivalence, By sticking to its hard line on labor issues, the United States effectively withdrew support from a potential deal regarding the shape of negotiations during the New Round. The European Union's(EU) stance was hardly better, partly due to remaining gaps between the United States and the EU over agriculture. Similar rifts exist between the United States and Korea/Japan over antidumping and between the United States and developing countries over labor standards. Developing countries argued that they did not have the luxury to adopt labor and environment standards appropriate to developed economies. Another change associated with globalization is the quickening pace of democratization, which has ushered in a growing number of nongovernmental organization (NGOs) representing interest groups and sectors, both domestic as well as across national boundaries. These interest groups, including consumer-and human-rights activists, environmentalists, and labor unions, play an increasing role in international politics. While the World Bank, for example, has had the resources to finance cooperation with NGOs, the WTO is poorly funded. As Sylvia Ostry remarked during our conference, WTO is like a Mercedes Benz with an empty tank: it is well made but lacks the fuel to run on. Despite the breakdown of the Seattle Ministerial Conference, efforts to launch the New Round are suspended, not dead. Many WTO member countries expect to restart talks in Geneva, and the failure to launch the New Round in the near future would be a major setback to the multilateral trading system's pursuit of freer and fairer trade. The multilateral trading system has overcome setbacks in the past. For example, the Uruguay Round Launched in 1986 broke down repeatedly. The United States and the European Union in particular must make great efforts to prevent the failure of launching a New Round. The underlying premise of this volume is that the opponents of free trade are partly right. Untrammeled free trade, without regard for human rights and the environment, is not sustainable. On the other hand, international cooperation is not likely to proceed if harmonization of environmental, labor, and other standards is understood to imply that the South should conform to the laws and standards of the North. A new consensus must be found that recognizes both a broader basis for cooperation than economic materialism and also the diversity of countries. Accordingly, this volume surveys the history of the global trading system and then analyzes each of the new trade issues in depth. The book is divided into six parts: Part Ⅰ, Challenges Facing the Multilateral Trading System: Part Ⅱ, Competition Policy: Part Ⅲ, Foreign Direct Investment: Part Ⅳ, Trade and Environment: Part Ⅴ, Trade and Labor Standards: and Part Ⅵ, Major Findings and Policy Implications. For each part, two papers are presented -one written by a prominent foreign expert and the other by a Korean scholar. This allows for a dialectic between primarily Western views and that of an Eastern small and open economy. The main papers are followed by commentaries by leading experts in the field. The experts present their views on the significance of the issue, the major points of contention, and the likely results of trade negotiation on the issue, suggesting how the issue can be settled. Part Ⅰ identifies what the challenges are and where they come from. Parts Ⅱ -V explore trade-related frictions in a globalizing world, review the rationale for new rounds, highlight divergence of views, and shape the concept of mutually agreed principles for forging the links between trade and new round issues.
생산자조이제, 편 외
날짜2000-06-01
기록유형도서간행물
기록형태일반도서
주제국제
연관링크http://www.kdi.re.kr/research/subjects_view.jsp?pub_no=2232&pg=3&pp=1000&mcd=001002001
식별번호KC-R-00466
제목The Multilateral Trading System in a Globalizing World
설명During the twenty-first century, the world will face the increasing forces of globalization. While the political boundaries of the nation-state will remain in place, economic integration across national boundaries will proceed with a quickening tempo. Driven by continuing technological innovation in information, telecommunications, and transportation, as well as policy liberalization, individual national economies are becoming increasingly interdependent and globally integrated. Goods and services, technology, capital, labor, information, and even enterprises are now moving more freely than ever before between countries, and the world economy is becoming ever more interdependent, While the World Trade Organization(WTO) has played an important facilitating role in these events, it now faces both challenges and new opportunities in expediting the process of international economic cooperation in an orderly manner. The world trade order has been undergoing considerable change. Early GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) rounds focused on market access through relaxing or abolishing border measures such as tariffs and nontariff barriers. But more recent discussions have dealt with the establishment and application of international standards to national economies. The topics include policy issues within the national boundaries related to competition policy, foreign direct investment, environment, labor standards, and anticorruption-the so-called "new trade issues." Furthermore, it appears likely that issues such as regulatory reforms, corporate governance, and technology transfer will also emerge as new trade issues in the near future. All of these issues-to be debated and determined in the international framework rather than the domestic context-will no doubt have an impact on national economies. At the same time, they entail remarkable changes in the world economic order. It is not surprising that the New Round is attracting a great deal of attention, Amid these internal pressures for the expansion of the GATT/WTO mechanism, opposition has arisen, as symbolized by demonstrations in Seattle against the WTO Ministerial Conference, in late 1999, and subsequent protests against the World Bank and IMF meetings in Washington, D. C. These incidents represent the increasing suspicion and fear of globalization and "the new economy" that have important political consequences. The United States, despite being a vocal champion of free trade, showed little commitment to the WTO in the face of demestic ambivalence, By sticking to its hard line on labor issues, the United States effectively withdrew support from a potential deal regarding the shape of negotiations during the New Round. The European Union's(EU) stance was hardly better, partly due to remaining gaps between the United States and the EU over agriculture. Similar rifts exist between the United States and Korea/Japan over antidumping and between the United States and developing countries over labor standards. Developing countries argued that they did not have the luxury to adopt labor and environment standards appropriate to developed economies. Another change associated with globalization is the quickening pace of democratization, which has ushered in a growing number of nongovernmental organization (NGOs) representing interest groups and sectors, both domestic as well as across national boundaries. These interest groups, including consumer-and human-rights activists, environmentalists, and labor unions, play an increasing role in international politics. While the World Bank, for example, has had the resources to finance cooperation with NGOs, the WTO is poorly funded. As Sylvia Ostry remarked during our conference, WTO is like a Mercedes Benz with an empty tank: it is well made but lacks the fuel to run on. Despite the breakdown of the Seattle Ministerial Conference, efforts to launch the New Round are suspended, not dead. Many WTO member countries expect to restart talks in Geneva, and the failure to launch the New Round in the near future would be a major setback to the multilateral trading system's pursuit of freer and fairer trade. The multilateral trading system has overcome setbacks in the past. For example, the Uruguay Round Launched in 1986 broke down repeatedly. The United States and the European Union in particular must make great efforts to prevent the failure of launching a New Round. The underlying premise of this volume is that the opponents of free trade are partly right. Untrammeled free trade, without regard for human rights and the environment, is not sustainable. On the other hand, international cooperation is not likely to proceed if harmonization of environmental, labor, and other standards is understood to imply that the South should conform to the laws and standards of the North. A new consensus must be found that recognizes both a broader basis for cooperation than economic materialism and also the diversity of countries. Accordingly, this volume surveys the history of the global trading system and then analyzes each of the new trade issues in depth. The book is divided into six parts: Part Ⅰ, Challenges Facing the Multilateral Trading System: Part Ⅱ, Competition Policy: Part Ⅲ, Foreign Direct Investment: Part Ⅳ, Trade and Environment: Part Ⅴ, Trade and Labor Standards: and Part Ⅵ, Major Findings and Policy Implications. For each part, two papers are presented -one written by a prominent foreign expert and the other by a Korean scholar. This allows for a dialectic between primarily Western views and that of an Eastern small and open economy. The main papers are followed by commentaries by leading experts in the field. The experts present their views on the significance of the issue, the major points of contention, and the likely results of trade negotiation on the issue, suggesting how the issue can be settled. Part Ⅰ identifies what the challenges are and where they come from. Parts Ⅱ -V explore trade-related frictions in a globalizing world, review the rationale for new rounds, highlight divergence of views, and shape the concept of mutually agreed principles for forging the links between trade and new round issues.
생산자조이제, 편 외
날짜2000-06-01
크기 및 분량380쪽
언어영어
출처한국개발연구원
연관링크http://www.kdi.re.kr/research/subjects_view.jsp?pub_no=2232&pg=3&pp=1000&mcd=001002001
기록유형도서간행물
기록형태일반도서
대주제국제
소주제세계경제동향
자원유형기록
파일 5a7f09a63d88f6d131e27ab146e1cd83.pdf
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